方法以黑曲霉菌株An-1为研究对象,构建敲除creA基因的操作质粒和供体片段。经原生质体转化、抗性筛选和菌丝PCR验证,利用CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术,获得敲除菌株ΔcreA。通过平板培养和摇瓶发酵,分别考察转录因子CREA对菌体形态和产BGL的影响,并在不同浓度葡萄糖下,探究碳阻遏效应对BGL生物合成的影响。
结果在黑曲霉菌株An-1中对creA基因进行了精准敲除,获得缺失突变菌株ΔcreA。与野生型菌株相比,ΔcreA菌株的菌落形态呈现车轮状褶皱,在七叶苷显色平板上表现出较强的β-葡萄糖苷酶分泌能力。以纤维二糖和p-硝基苯酚-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷为底物,ΔcreA菌株的BGL活性分别为野生型菌株的1.5倍和1.8倍。荧光定量PCR显示,creA的敲除使bglA基因的表达量提升了8.4倍。在添加不同浓度葡萄糖的发酵过程中,ΔcreA菌株的酶活水平始终高于野生型,表现出脱碳阻遏效应。
结论CREA转录因子调控了黑曲霉的菌丝发育和BGL表达,其敲除减轻了碳阻遏效应,提高了黑曲霉产BGL的能力,为调控改造黑曲霉以优化BGL的生产性能提供了理论支持。
引用本文:程慧娟,王昕,胡骏鹏,等.转录因子CREA的敲除对黑曲霉形态和分泌β-葡萄糖苷酶的影响[J].生物技术通报,2025. DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2024-1125.
1 材料与方法
1.1 材料
表1 本研究所用引物Table 1 Primers used in this study

1.2 方法
2 结果
2.1 CREA的生信分析

AoCreA:米曲霉的CREA; AnCreA:黑曲霉的CREA; AfCreA:烟曲霉的CREA; AaCreA:棘孢曲霉的CREA;TrCreA:里氏木霉的CREA;TgCreA:盖姆斯木霉的CREA;AdCreA:构巢曲霉的CREA;PdCreA:斜卧青霉的CREA;PoCreA:草酸青霉的CREA;NcCreA:粗糙脉孢菌的CREA
AoCreA: CREA in Aspergillus oryzae; AnCreA: CREA in Aspergillus niger; AfCreA: CREA in Aspergillus fumigatus; AaCreA: CREA in Aspergillus aculeatus; TrCreA: CREA in Trichoderma reesei; TgCreA: CREA in Trichoderma gamsii; AdCreA: CREA in Aspergillus nidulans; PdCreA: CREA in Penicillium decumens; PoCreA: CREA in Penicillium oxalicum; NcCreA: CREA in Neurospora crassa
2.2 用于敲除creA基因的sgRNA表达盒、靶向质粒的构建与供体片段的设计与构建

A:sgRNA表达盒的构建;B:pFC332-target-sgRNA的构建;C:无选择标记供体DNA片段的构建;D-F:sgRNA表达盒、pFC332-target-sgRNA质粒和供体DNA片段的PCR检测
A: Construction of sgRNA expression cassette; B: construction of pFC332-target-sgRNA; C: construction of DNA donor; D-F: PCR detection of sgRNA expression cassette, pFC332-target-sgRNA and DNA donor, respectively
2.3 敲除菌株的筛选和验证

A:creA基因编辑示意图及PCR敲除验证;B:creA基因敲除测序图
A: Schematic diagram of creA gene editing and verification of PCR knockout; B: Sequencing image of creA gene knockout
2.4 敲除CREA对黑曲霉菌体形态的影响

A:PDA固体平板分别培养48/60/72 h的菌体形态;B:七叶苷固体平板分别培养48/60/72 h的菌体形态;C:液体生长培养基菌体形态
A: Cell morphology in PDA solid plates cultured for 48/60/72 h, respectively. B: Cell morphology in esculin solid plates cultured for 48/60/72 h, respectively. C: Cell morphology in liquid growth medium
2.5 敲除CREA对黑曲霉产BGL的影响

A:纤维二糖为底物测定BGL酶活;B:p-NPG为底物测定BGL酶活;C:p-NPC为底物测定CBH酶活;D:CMC-Na为底物测定EG酶活
A: BGL enzyme activity determined by cellobiose as substrate. B: BGL enzyme activity assayed with p-NPG as substrate. C: CBH enzyme activity assayed with p-NPC as substrate. D: EG enzyme activity assayed by CMC-Na as substrate
2.6 敲除creA对黑曲霉BGL和其他纤维素酶基因表达影响

A:bglA、cbh1、egl1基因的转录水平;B:第7 d发酵液上清的SDS-PAGE,1-3代表△creA菌株发酵样品,4-6代表野生菌株发酵样品;C:第7 d发酵液的上清蛋白含量及BGL比酶活(以纤维二糖为底物)
A: Transcription levels of bglA, cbh1, and egl1 genes; B: SDS-PAGE on the 7 th day of fermentation, 1-3 refer to the fermented samples of △creA strain, and 4-6 refer to the fermentation samples of wild strains. C: Protein content and specific activity of BGL (cellobiose as substrate) on the fermentation of day 7
2.7 敲除creA对脱碳阻遏的影响

A:发酵4 d的酶活水平;B:发酵5 d的酶活水平;C:发酵6 d的酶活水平;D:发酵7 d的酶活水平
A: Enzyme activity level after 4 days of fermentation. B: Enzyme activity level after 5 days of fermentation. C: Enzyme activity level after 6 days of fermentation. D: Enzyme activity level for 7 days of fermentation






